爵即爵位、爵号,是古代皇帝对贵戚功臣的封赐。旧说<a href="./?mention=周代">周代</a>有公、侯、伯、子、男五种爵位,后代爵称和爵位制度往往因时而异。如汉初<a href="./?mention=刘邦">刘邦</a>既封皇子为王,又封了七位功臣为王,<a href="./?mention=彭越">彭越</a>为<a href="./?mention=梁王">梁王</a>,<a href="./?mention=英布">英布</a>为<a href="./?mention=淮南王">淮南王</a>等;魏曹植曾封为<a href="./?mention=陈王">陈王</a>;唐郭子仪被封为<a href="./?mention=汾阳郡王">汾阳郡王</a>;清太祖努尔哈赤封其子<a href="./?mention=阿济格">阿济格</a>为<a href="./?mention=英亲王">英亲王</a>,多铎为<a href="./?mention=豫亲王">豫亲王</a>,豪格为<a href="./?mention=肃亲王">肃亲王</a>。再如宋代<a href="./?mention=寇准">寇准</a>封<a href="./?mention=莱国公">莱国公</a>,<a href="./?mention=王安石">王安石</a>封荆国公,<a href="./?mention=司马光">司马光</a>为温国公;明代<a href="./?mention=李善长">李善长</a>封<a href="./?mention=韩国公">韩国公</a>,<a href="./?mention=李文忠">李文忠</a>封<a href="./?mention=曹国公">曹国公</a>,<a href="./?mention=刘基">刘基</a>封诚意伯,<a href="./?mention=王阳明">王阳明</a>封<a href="./?mention=新建伯">新建伯</a>;清代<a href="./?mention=曾国藩">曾国藩</a>封一等毅勇侯,<a href="./?mention=左宗棠">左宗棠</a><a href="./?mention=封二">封二</a>等恪靖侯,<a href="./?mention=李鸿章">李鸿章</a>封一等肃毅侯。